{"id":449,"date":"2021-06-04T14:13:34","date_gmt":"2021-06-04T14:13:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/06\/04\/techniques-to-automate-web-elements-using-python\/"},"modified":"2021-06-04T14:13:34","modified_gmt":"2021-06-04T14:13:34","slug":"techniques-to-automate-web-elements-using-python","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/06\/04\/techniques-to-automate-web-elements-using-python\/","title":{"rendered":"Techniques to automate Web elements using Python"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Table of Contents<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Identifying static dropdowns with Select class<\/a><\/div>\n

Introducing Validations Assertions<\/a><\/div>\n

Handling Auto Suggestive Dynamic dropdowns and Sleep method<\/a><\/div>\n

Get options count with Len method<\/a><\/div>\n

Handling Checkbox dynamically<\/a><\/div>\n

Handling Radio button <\/a><\/div>\n

Handling Java\/Javascript alerts pop up <\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Identifying static dropdowns with Select class<\/b><\/h3>\n
Let us now discuss techniques to automate the static dropdowns in Selenium. If the options in a dropdown remain fixed they are considered as static. Next let us identify the dropdown by spying on it and then analyze its html code.<\/p>\n
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\n<\/ins>\n<\/div>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
The dropdown Gender <\/b>is identified and it has the select<\/b> tagname. In Selenium webdriver, we have a Select <\/b>class with which we interact with the static dropdown. To get access to the methods of the Select class to handle the options in the dropdown we have to create an object of the Select class. Also we have to import from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select <\/b>package <\/b>to work with Select class in our code.<\/p>\n
Selenium has to identify the specific dropdown and pass the locator of the dropdown as an argument to the Select class. Now to locate the dropdown we can use the id attribute which is having exampleFormControlSelect1<\/b> as value. Selenium shall identify that element with the help of its id attribute by the method find_element_by_id. <\/b>The value of the id attribute shall be passed as an argument to the method.<\/p>\n
Then we can use the method select_by_visible_text<\/b> that selects the option as visible on the dropdown. The option visible is passed as an argument to the method. We can use the method select_by_index <\/b>that selects the option based on the option index. The index starts from zero. The option index is passed as an argument to the method. We can also use the method select_by_value<\/b> that selects the option based on the option value. The option value is passed as an argument to the method Please note, the method select_by_value <\/b>can be used on if the value attribute is present for the option tag in the html code.<\/p>\n
Code Implementation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 from selenium import webdriver<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # setting the path of chromedriver.exe<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=”C:\\chromedriver.exe”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # get method to hit URL on browser<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(“https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/angularpractice\/”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with css locator and then send input<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_css_selector(“[name=’name’]”).send_keys(“Rahul”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with name locator and then send input<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_name(“email”).send_keys(“Shetty”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify checkbox with id attribute and then select<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_id(“exampleCheck1”).click()<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 #select class provide the methods to handle the options in dropdown<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 d = Select(driver.find_element_by_id(“exampleFormControlSelect1”))<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 d.select_by_visible_text(“Female”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 d.select_by_index(0)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with xpath and then click <\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_xpath(“\/\/input[@type=’submit’]”).click()<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with class name and then get its text <\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 print(driver.find_element_by_class_name(“alert-success”).text)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Conclusion:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n
Thus we have discussed how to handle static dropdowns using the Select class. For more details, you can refer to the link:<\/p>\n
https:\/\/courses.rahulshettyacademy.com\/courses\/learn-selenium-automation-in-easy-python-language\/lectures\/13248286<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n
In the next section we shall discuss how to perform validation assertions in Selenium with Python.<\/p>\n
Introducing Validations Assertions<\/b><\/h3>\nNow let us again work with the success message displayed on clicking the Submit button on the page https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/angularpractice\/<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
We have successfully identified the message in the banner and fetched the text of the message with the method text <\/b>and printed that in the console. To validate if the success message matches the expected value we shall use assertion<\/b>. The assertion looks for the expected value and if it does not get it shall fail.<\/p>\n
For example,<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n
assert 2=2, will return true.<\/p>\n
assert 2>3, will return false.<\/p>\n
Now let us validate if the substring Success<\/b> is present in the success message Success! The Form has been submitted successfully!. <\/b>We will use assertion to conclude if the test case failed or passed.<\/p>\n
\u00a0Code Implementation:<\/strong><\/div>\n
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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 from selenium import webdriver<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # setting the path of chromedriver.exe<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=”C:\\chromedriver.exe”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # get method to hit URL on browser<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(“https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/angularpractice\/”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with css locator and then send input<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_css_selector(“[name=’name’]”).send_keys(“Rahul”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0# identify element with name locator and then send input<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_name(“email”).send_keys(“Shetty”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify checkbox with id attribute and then select<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_id(“exampleCheck1”).click()<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with xpath and then click <\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_xpath(“\/\/input[@type=’submit’]”).click()<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with class name and then get its text <\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 msg = driver.find_element_by_class_name(“alert-success”).text<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # assertion to check if sub text gd is in Success message<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 assert “gd” in msg<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
The output shows the AssertionError<\/b> since the subtext gd <\/b>is not present in the actual text Success! The Form has been submitted successfully!. <\/b><\/p>\n
Let us now check if Success<\/b> text is present in the actual success message.<\/p>\n
\u00a0Code Implementation:<\/strong><\/div>\n
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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 from selenium import webdriver<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # setting the path of chromedriver.exe<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=”C:\\chromedriver.exe”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # get method to hit URL on browser<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(“https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/angularpractice\/”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with css locator and then send input<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_css_selector(“[name=’name’]”).send_keys(“Rahul”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with name locator and then send input<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_name(“email”).send_keys(“Shetty”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify checkbox with id attribute and then select<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_id(“exampleCheck1”).click()<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with xpath and then click <\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_xpath(“\/\/input[@type=’submit’]”).click()<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with class name and then get its text <\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 msg = driver.find_element_by_class_name(“alert-success”).text<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # assertion to check if sub text Success is in message<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 assert “Success” in msg<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
Conclusion:<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u00a0Thus we have discussed how to validate a text with assertion. For more details, you can refer to the link:<\/p>\n
https:\/\/courses.rahulshettyacademy.com\/courses\/learn-selenium-automation-in-easy-python-language\/lectures\/13248290<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n
In the next section we shall discuss how to handle auto suggestive dropdowns. Also, we shall see how to use the sleep method in a scenario.<\/p>\n
Handling Auto Suggestive Dynamic dropdowns and Sleep method<\/b><\/h3>\n
In an auto suggestive dropdown the options are dynamic in nature and they are visible based on the search input by the user. To approach an auto suggestive dropdown we should first identify and store all the options with the find elements method in a list and then iterate over that list.<\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
Now to locate the auto suggestive dropdown, we shall spy on it and analyze its html code. Please note that the element is having a tagname of input<\/b>. Selenium shall identify that element with the help of its id attribute by the method find_element_by_id. <\/b>The value of the id attribute shall be passed as an argument to the method. Finally to send some input, we shall be using the send_keys<\/b> method and the text to be sent has to be passed as an argument to the method.<\/p>\n
After a slight delay, the dropdown options will be populated and we shall add the method time.sleep<\/b> to introduce the delay in the execution. The pause time in seconds is passed as an argument to the method and we have to import time<\/b> which comes with the Python package. Next we shall create a generalized css expression li[class=’ui-menu-item’] a <\/b>which shall identify all the options that get displayed based on the search input.<\/p>\n
Selenium shall identify the list of options by the method find_elements_by_css_selector. <\/b>The css value for the list of options shall be passed as an argument to the method. We can validate the css for the list of options in the ChroPath, which shows 3 elements matching<\/b>.<\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
Finally we shall iterate over the list and once we encounter our desired option we shall select the option with the help of click<\/b> method. Then we shall come out of the list iteration with the help of break<\/b> statement.<\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
The above example illustrates the find_element and find_elements in general terms where a single element is to be represented by find_element, a list of elements is to be represented by find_elements.<\/p>\n
Code Implementation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0from selenium import webdriver<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 import time<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # setting the path of chromedriver.exe<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=”C:\\chromedriver.exe”)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # get method to hit URL on browser<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(“https:\/\/www.rahulshettyacademy.com\/dropdownsPractise\/”)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with id locator and then send input<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_id(“autosuggest”).send_keys(“ind”)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # to pause execution<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 time.sleep(2)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify list of options with a generalized css<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 cntrs =driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(“li[class=’ui-menu-item’] a”)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # iterate over the list and scan the desired option <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 for c in cntrs:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 if c.text ==”India”:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 c.click()<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0break <\/span> <\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Conclusion:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n
Thus we have discussed how to handle auto suggestive dropdowns. For more details, you can refer to the link:<\/p>\n
https:\/\/courses.rahulshettyacademy.com\/courses\/learn-selenium-automation-in-easy-python-language\/lectures\/13248291<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n
In the next section we shall discuss how to use the len method to count a list of elements.<\/p>\n
Get options count with Len method<\/b><\/h3>\n
Let us count the total number of options displayed after entering our search text for an auto suggestive dropdown. We have identified the list of options with the find_elements_by_css_selector <\/b>method.<\/p>\n
This method returns a list of matching elements and to get the count of the elements we shall take the help of len <\/b>method. Then pass the name of the list as an argument to the method. Finally use the print <\/b>statement to obtain the count of the options in the console log.<\/p>\n
Code Implementation:<\/strong><\/div>\n
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<\/div>\n
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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0from selenium import webdriver<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 import time<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # setting the path of chromedriver.exe<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=”C:\\chromedriver.exe”)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # get method to hit URL on browser<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(“https:\/\/www.rahulshettyacademy.com\/dropdownsPractise\/”)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify element with id locator and then send input<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_id(“autosuggest”).send_keys(“ind”)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # to pause execution<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 time.sleep(2)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify list of options with a generalized css<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 cntrs =driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(“li[class=’ui-menu-item’] a”)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # len method to get count list of options<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 print (len(cntrs))<\/b>\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0# iterate over the list and scan the desired option <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 for c in cntrs:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 if c.text ==”India”:<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 c.click()<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0break <\/span> <\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/strong><\/p>\n
The output shows 3 <\/b>meaning the count of the number of options is three.<\/p>\n
Conclusion: Thus we have discussed how to use the len method to count a list of elements. For more details, you can refer to the link:<\/p>\n
https:\/\/courses.rahulshettyacademy.com\/courses\/learn-selenium-automation-in-easy-python-language\/lectures\/13248294<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n
In the next section we shall discuss how to handle checkboxes dynamically.<\/p>\n
Handling Checkbox dynamically<\/b><\/h3>\nLet us now see how to handle checkboxes on a page and navigate to the link: https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/AutomationPractice\/<\/a>. We shall spy on the checkbox and analyze its HTML code.<\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
Now if we observe the properties for all the checkboxes, we shall find that except the type = checkbox<\/b> all the other properties have a different value. We can create a generalized xpath expression \/\/input[@type=’checkbox’] <\/b>that shall identify all the checkboxes. Selenium shall identify the list of checkboxes by the method find_elements_by_xpath. <\/b>The xpath value representing all the checkboxes shall be passed as an argument to the method. We can validate the xpath expression in the ChroPath, which shows 3 elements matching<\/b>.<\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
Finally we shall iterate over the list of checkboxes and we shall select them one by one with the help of click<\/b> method. We can validate if the checkbox is selected with the is_selected<\/b> method. This method returns a true<\/b> value for a selected<\/b> checkbox and returns false<\/b> value for an unselected<\/b> checkbox.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Code Implementation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 from selenium import webdriver<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # setting the path of chromedriver.exe<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=”C:\\chromedriver.exe”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # get method to hit URL on browser<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(“https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/AutomationPractice\/”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0# identify generalized xpath for checkboxes<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b>chkbxs\u00a0 = driver.find_elements_by_xpath(“\/\/input[@type=’checkbox’]”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b># iterate over the list and select them <\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 for c in chkbxs:<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 c.click()<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # validate if checkbox is selected<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 assert c.is_selected()<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Please note, if we have used the find_element_by_xpath method with a generalized xpath that represents all the checkboxes on the page, then only the first checkbox gets selected.<\/b><\/p>\n
Conclusion:<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u00a0Thus we have discussed how to handle checkboxes dynamically. For more details, you can refer to the link:<\/p>\n
https:\/\/courses.rahulshettyacademy.com\/courses\/learn-selenium-automation-in-easy-python-language\/lectures\/13248303<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n
https:\/\/courses.rahulshettyacademy.com\/courses\/learn-selenium-automation-in-easy-python-language\/lectures\/13248305<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n
In the next section we shall discuss how to handle radio buttons.<\/p>\n
Handling Radio button <\/u><\/b><\/h3>\nLet us now discuss how to handle radio buttons on a page and navigate to the link: https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/AutomationPractice\/<\/a>. We shall spy on the radio button and analyze its HTML code.<\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
Now if we observe the properties for all the radio buttons, we shall find that except the type = radio<\/b> and name = radioButton<\/b> all the other properties have a different value. By nature, all the radio buttons on the page cannot be clicked at the same time. Selenium shall identify the radio buttons with the help of its name attribute by the method find_elements_by_name. <\/b>The value of the name attribute shall be passed as an argument to the method.<\/p>\n
Finally we can access the list of radio buttons with the help of index. We can select one of the radio buttons with the help of click<\/b> method. We can validate if the radio button is selected with the is_selected<\/b> method. This method returns a true value for a selected<\/b> radio button and returns false value for an unselected<\/b> radio button.<\/p>\n
Code Implementation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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<\/div>\n
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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 from selenium import webdriver<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # setting the path of chromedriver.exe<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=”C:\\chromedriver.exe”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # get method to hit URL on browser<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(“https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/AutomationPractice\/”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify radio buttons<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 radiobuttons\u00a0 = driver.find_elements_by_name(“radioButton”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # select third radio button with list index of 2<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 radiobuttons[2].click()<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # validate if radio button is selected<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 assert radiobuttons[2].is_selected()<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Conclusion:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n
Thus we have discussed how to handle radio buttons. For more details, you can refer to the link:<\/p>\n
https:\/\/courses.rahulshettyacademy.com\/courses\/learn-selenium-automation-in-easy-python-language\/lectures\/13248305<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n
In the next section we shall discuss how to handle Java\/Javascript alert.<\/p>\n
Handling Java\/Javascript alerts pop up <\/u><\/b><\/h3>\nLet us now discuss how to Java\/Javascript alerts in a page and navigate to the link: https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/AutomationPractice\/<\/a>. We cannot spy on the alert pop as it is not part of HTML code and implemented with Java\/Javascript.<\/p>\n
We shall input some text in the edit box above the Alert<\/b> button and on clicking the button, we shall get the alert pop. We shall then verify the alert pop text.<\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
In Selenium, the driver object cannot directly act on the alert. We have to switch from the driver to the alert mode with the help of switch_to.alert<\/b> method and store it in an alert object<\/b>. We shall be able to access all the alert methods with the alert object.<\/p>\n
To get the alert text we shall use the text<\/b> method. Next to accept that alert we shall use the accept<\/b> method. Finally we can validate the alert text with the help of assertion.<\/p>\n
Code Implementation:<\/strong><\/div>\n
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<\/div>\n
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\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0from selenium import webdriver<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 validateText = “Option3”<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # setting the path of chromedriver.exe<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=”C:\\chromedriver.exe”)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # get method to hit URL on browser<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(“https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/AutomationPractice\/”)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify edit box and send input<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_css_selector(“#name”).send_keys(validateText)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify Alert button and then click<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_id(“alertbtn”).click()<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # create alert object and switch to it<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 alert = driver.switch_to.alert()<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # get the alert text and validate with assertion<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b>alertText = alert.text\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 assert validateText in alertText<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 #to accept alert\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0alert.accept()<\/span> <\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Let us explore alert pop ups with both OK<\/b> and Cancel<\/b> buttons. To dismiss the alert we shall need to click the Cancel button. The driver object cannot directly act on the alert. We have to switch from the driver to the alert mode with the help of switch_to.alert<\/b> method and store it in the alert object<\/b>. We shall then be able to access all the alert methods with that object.<\/p>\n
Next to dismiss that alert we shall use the dismiss<\/b> method.<\/p>\n
$\"\"$ <\/p>\n
Code Implementation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 from selenium import webdriver<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # setting the path of chromedriver.exe<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=”C:\\chromedriver.exe”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # get method to hit URL on browser<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.get(“https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/AutomationPractice\/”)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # identify Confirm button and then click<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 driver.find_element_by_id(“confirmbtn”).click()<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # create alert object and switch to it<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 alert = driver.switch_to.alert()<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 # get the alert text <\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b>alertText = alert.text\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 #to dismiss alert\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 alert.dismiss()<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Conclusion:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n
Thus we have discussed how to handle Java \/ Javascript alert. For more details, you can refer to the link:<\/p>\n
https:\/\/courses.rahulshettyacademy.com\/courses\/learn-selenium-automation-in-easy-python-language\/lectures\/13248307<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n
In the next post, we shall discuss synchronization.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
<\/body><\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Table of Contents Identifying static dropdowns with Select class Introducing Validations Assertions Handling Auto Suggestive Dynamic dropdowns and Sleep method Get options count with Len method Handling Checkbox dynamically Handling Radio button Handling Java\/Javascript alerts pop up Identifying static dropdowns with Select class Let us now discuss techniques to automate the static dropdowns in Selenium. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-449","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python-automation","post-wrapper","thrv_wrapper"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/449","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=449"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/449\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=449"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=449"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rahulshettyacademy.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=449"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}